Business Project Management Down Risk and Cost

Question: Portray about the Business Project Management for Down Risk and Cost. Answer: Presentation Venture the board is a basic apparatus for the administration of tasks particularly those including a colossal scale and degree. It will assist an association with improving the achievement paces of the ventures by chopping down hazard and lessening cost .Managers are qualified for produce merchandise while starting a task and overseeing they have to accomplish novel aptitudes and information to give consumer loyalty in their item, the accompanying contextual analysis of JJ Furnishings, Ltd will lay the preparation to what exactly expected in venture the board (Young, 2013). Authority styles in venture the board Administration in venture the executives is significant since it goes about as the power for the accomplishment of the undertaking. I would utilize definitive administration style since the undertaking director directs and controls all the choices and errands concerning the task (Martindale, 2011). They are considered to have a strong arrangement of aptitudes and information proficient in anticipating the finishing of the undertaking by driving the task colleagues meeting the vision, reason, and objectives. The individuals are without the most extreme unpracticed and ailing in the arrangement of aptitudes required accordingly not many, or none of their thoughts are into thought (Martindale, 2011). .All arrangements of undertakings allotted are viewed as time basic, and a work plan is executed organized with disciplinary activities, this keeps the group from floating away from the vision and objectives of the task causing avoidable results. Checking of assets and appraisal of dangers in the undertaking condition are assessed and controlled without any problem. This makes legitimate initiative style as best answer for my undertaking group . Methods and apparatuses in venture the board The devices and methods adequate for the utilization of the undertaking group in accomplishing its objectives in venture the board they are based the periods of task the executives they incorporate Inception venture procedures These are methods included the initial step of the venture the board. I would recognize the group to deal with the venture by the measures required the task the following procedure is the making of a client relationship which is misused in addressing client needs and inclinations through the production of an undertaking commencement intend to characterize the exercises required for the group to follow. The last procedure in inception stage is the foundation of the earth where the task is set up by gathering the board instruments for the undertaking Arranging venture methods The task possibility is recognized. Which will be significant in understanding the significance and unpredictability of the undertaking, this will be streamlined by partitioning the venture into a littler assignment and dispensing every individual from the task which I would use to appraise the assets need by making a help plan which will be controlled on the money related premise utilizing a financial plan. Utilization of a correspondence and a work plan will be effective for the colleagues to deal with their work routine in complying with the time constraint and accomplishing minor set objectives coming about to fulfilling the time constraint and airing any complaints appropriate for recognizable proof of any expected hazard to the venture (Kerzner, 2013). Execution venture methods The standard of the task is started through gaining assets direction of new individuals yet will be overseen appropriately and make any fundamental change; the other strategy will be the utilization of PERT and Gantt diagrams in checking the advancement of the undertaking which expands straightforwardness in work. These instruments will be basic in making a legitimate succession of exercises, see the basic way as utilized discover the period for the activity found (Hwang, 2013. Making a task exercise manual where all individuals key in subtleties of their work procedures which will be adequate in conveying the status of the undertaking, checking and dealing with the venture individuals Undertaking consummation methods Scarcely any strategies are accessible at this stage since the venture is practically finished, however not many procedures are begged here for its delegated. Conduction of post surveys will impact the individuals to choose the venture creation procedure and discoveries gained from it to be utilized in the following task, closing down of the undertaking which will propel venture part to settle any records required and raise any inquiries that need tackling (Hwang, 2013). Administration powers in venture the executives I would utilize master power; administrators regularly utilize this force by significant ranges of abilities found in the position and experience and its effective in forestalling a rehash of slip-ups done previously. Master power is an instrumental strategy to the individuals from the venture group since they will consider their bosses have a remarkable information and ranges of abilities that they can gain from and use it to seek after their exercises in the undertaking (Young, 2013).This expands cooperation and correspondence among the colleagues taking care of a specific assignment since they are under the guidance of a specialist force and all are learning a similar data which improves certainty among the individuals in explaining the particular errand. The utilization of Expert force is significant to the achievement of the undertaking; its exclusively characterized by the information and the capacity of the chief to oversee guidelines. I would utilize this force in guaranteein g the achievement of the venture by appropriately dealing with the exercises prompting the culmination of the task. Through this force distinguishing and treatment of hazard and potential dangers will be proficient on the information and experience picked up subsequently making master power a reasonable force in my venture the board. Task Management Approach investigation The methodologies picked above were unequivocally talked about and thought to be convincing to accomplish better outcomes or objectives set in venture the executives. A decent task director must have proficient characteristics that will be utilized in deciding key individuals who will be significant to the undertaking finish (Kernel, 2013). These key individuals taught using Expert force and just administration style. The two styles are an ideal blend of task the executives. They are altogether centered around venture achievement dependent on the standard principles the task individuals use in their apportioned exercises after the different timetables and plans specified which will discover the best possible utilization of the undertaking the executives methods and apparatuses for distinguishing proof of assets and task condition (Burke, 2013). Steps for tackling venture the board issues Characterize the Problem-The main answer for difficulties influencing the venture is to distinguish them and decide them in like manner, a model is the place the undertaking chief gets a protest from a customer with respect to the specific issue either inside or remotely, the director ought to be in a spot to characterize the issue (Snyder, 2013). Decide the Causes, the subsequent stage is to discover the reason for the issue, the chief should delve further into the foundation of the issue with no segregation or predispositions of the reason Produce Ideas-the directors should now create thoughts that are potential answers for the issue through conceptualizing or psyche mapping; thoughts could likewise create from individuals from the venture group (Hwang, 2013). Select the Best Solution-the thoughts are currently investigated through assessment of how every thought can fathom the specific test by straightforward grid technique, the best among the aftereffects of the appraisal is utilized (Young, 2013). Actualizing the arrangement After arrangement are applied to where the issue began, the administrator should give the answer for work for a predefined period, and affirmation is done (Young, 2013). End Venture supervisors are a critical piece of the periods of task creation, and its fruition Moreover individuals from an undertaking group ought to be of specific norm and character that will regulate the finishing of the venture. A decent venture is the outcome of legitimate task the board ought to follow the vital advances itemized in this paper. Reference Martindale, N (2011). Administration styles: How to deal with the various personas. Vital Communication Management, 15(8), 3235. Turner, J. R., Mller, R. (2005, June). The task director's administration style as a triumph factor on ventures: A writing audit. Undertaking Management Institute. Snyder, C. (2013).A venture administrator's book of structures: An ally to the PMBOK manage, fifth release. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Youthful, T. L. (2013).Successful undertaking the board. Burke, R. (2013). Task the board: arranging and control procedures. New Jersey, US Hwang, B. G., Ng, W. J. (2013). Undertaking the board information and abilities for green development: Overcoming challenges.International Journal of Project Management,31(2), 272-284. Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project administration: a frameworks way to deal with arranging, booking, and controlling. John Wiley Sons.

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s essays

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s expositions The Black Civil Rights development in the 1950's and 60's was a political, legitimate and social battle of the dark Americans to increase full citizenship rights and to accomplish racial correspondence. The dark battle for Civil Rights was hard. No gathering in America has or has had more trouble absorbing into the American Culture. Isolation was begun by white American southerners to isolate everything between the blacks and the whites. It was otherwise called the Jim Crow framework and got basic toward the southern. Everything potential was isolated between the blacks and the whites; schools, latrine, transportation, eateries were totally isolated, the blacks were ineffectively supported contrasted with the whites (Branch 72). The dark individuals attempted to battle victimization them at whatever point conceivable. The most noteworthy one during the mid 50's was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in Alabama drove by Martin Luther King. On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was advised to surrender her seat on a city transport to a white individual (Hampton 13). At the point when she can't, she was captured which caused fight by the dark network. Martin Luther King around then was leader of the Montgomery Improvement Association, which sorted out the dissent. These exercises included walks, exhibits, and blacklists. The savage white reaction to dark direct activity in the end constrained the national government to go up against the issues of bad form and bigotry in the South. It made him a national figure for battling the privileges of the Black Americans. Social equality end up being the urgent trial of the l960s. Initiative originated from dark political and strict associations, for example, the Congress on Racial Equality, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, and Martin Luther King's Southern Christian Leadership Council Sit-ins, Freedom Rides, and different types of peaceful dissent turned into the weapons to battle isolation. More than 200,000 people joined an opportunity walk all over America to Was... <!

Essay on Tension Essay

The ‘Turn of the Screw’, which was written in the late nineteenth century, is acclaimed by pundits for the development of strain and the dramatic climate that its writer, Henry James, makes all through the novella. James accomplishes this by misusing a few characters and highlights of the book. James controls the introduction of the novella by making a gathering of audience members who are in expectation for the story; besides the character who portrays the story isn't promptly ready to recover the composition, this intentional lull of beat, manufactures anticipation going before the story and it readies the peruser for an exciting story. The setting of the novella is additionally used to fabricate climate, a method that James consistently utilizes is differentiating a snapshot of quiet with one of risk. This delivers a sharp distinction and along these lines causes the location of hazard to appear to be significantly progressively sensational. The apparitions of Quint and Jessel are maybe the biggest supporters of the environment and strain inside the novel; James utilizes the two phantoms to make a danger to the kids which causes colossal pressure and it is the focal plot in the book. The kids themselves are additionally controlled by James to make climate, their conduct is constantly repeated as great and idealistic to such a degree, that the peruser is nearly convinced to feel that their is something not exactly regular about them. James utilizes the introduction to acquaint the story and furthermore with make a thrilling air about what is to follow. During the preamble there are a gathering of visitors who James uses to make pressure. These audience members obviously appreciate tuning in to stories, particularly on the off chance that they include phantoms and ghastliness. â€Å"†¦ adequately breathless†, â€Å"no remark was uttered† are phrases which are utilized to depict their demeanor towards the narratives, plainly passing on the intrigue and eagerness that the visitors and casing storyteller have for the tales being told. The audience members make an environment of excitement for the story which is compelling since James’ perusers may likewise mirror this inclination. The character of Douglas plays an essential to the development of pressure in the preface. Upon the primary notice of his story, he plays on the feelings of the audience members by persistently repeating how astonishing and awful the story that he has every one of them sitting tight in expectation for is. â€Å"It is too horrible†, â€Å"nothing at all that I know contacts it†; Douglas is bit by bit developing the tension before his story by referencing how ‘horrible’ it is, this inclination of approaching calamity that different visitors sit tight in light hope for, before knowing the full subtleties of the story adds to a climate of anticipation. The consolidated realities that the composition must be sent for and further exacerbated by the information that is bolted away additionally adds to a similar impact, the drawn out hang tight for the original copy adds to a sentiment of enthusiasm for the story and furthermore the way that it is bolted away has cryptive meanings which recommend that its substance are horrible to the point that it must be avoided the world. At this point it appears that Douglas seems to have his audience members transfixed upon him and have need to tune in to his story. The addition, â€Å"oh how delicious† which was cried by one of the ladies present; the term ‘delicious’ perhaps deduces an inclination which is nearly distress for the story. In like manner the way, wherein the crowd gives a â€Å"unanimous groan†, when the recounting the story is deferred recommends that they long to hear the story. This purposeful lull, develops the strain to what the crowd and peruser are set up for an overwhelming story. The continuous develop of tension through the introduction prefaces the principle story, so as to embody a climate of expectation and fear of what is to follow. James currently utilizes the setting of the novella to make strain. He permits us to see into the Governess’ brain and we, similar to her foresee Bly to be a position of fear since she â€Å"had expected something so melancholy†. It is normal for one to expect that a huge nation domain which is the setting of an apparition story will be secluded, old and gothic. James cunningly controls our suspicions to make an environment of strain. Rather than the gothic structure that we expect, we are acquainted with something substantially more charming; the Governess upon her appearance is amazed and pleased at what she sees â€Å"what welcomed me was a decent surprise†¦ I recall as a most charming impression†. This quiet setting hushes the peruser into a misguided feeling that all is well and good, anyway at the rear of our brains is the thought from the preamble that the story will be astonishing which makes the peruser dubious of the conditions encompassing the accompanying occasions; therefore making an environment of strain. This equivalent strategy is utilized before the presentation of Peter Quint. In the pages going before his phantom there is a striking depiction of an untainted setting, for example, â€Å"the excellence and respect of the place†¦ brilliant sky†. James does this so as to deliver a sharp differentiation when the apparition shows up, making the rise of the phantom all the more a stun and in this manner all the more unnerving for his crowd. With the apparition of Peter Quint currently solidly settled in inside the story, James utilizes him as a key donor for making an air of strain. James utilizes Miss Grose’s despicable introduction of Quint while he was alive so as to make pressure. She depicts him as â€Å"Impudent and depraved†, â€Å"spoiled†, these citations give a negative impression of Quint and depict him as a rival. Anyway maybe most exceedingly awful of all he is additionally related by Grose as â€Å"clever and deep†, epitomizing him as ascertaining and vile. Due to his negative presentation the peruser is consequently ceaselessly convinced to consider Quint a hazardous to the kids. Upon every appearance Quint is seen nearer to the Governess and thus progressively all the more compromising and sickening. Moreover each time Quint shows up he is nearer to the youngsters, driving us to speculate that his spirits are with an aim instead of irregular. Because of our impression of him as someone risky and furthermore on the grounds that he is drawing nearer and closer to the tutor, the peruser feels the anticipation bit by bit working since we consider him to be a danger to both the Governess and the kids. The first occasion when she sees him he is separated at the highest point of a pinnacle albeit as yet portraying the scene as â€Å"stricken with death† proposing fear, awfulness and dread. The second time there is just a window isolating them and the tutor by saying â€Å"A proximity that†¦ Made me regain some composure and turn cold†, makes the point understood that it was the closeness that made it increasingly fearsome. Anyway on the third appearance which is depicted as the most impressive, they are contiguous each other, it is this that made the experience so alarming as indicated by the tutor, â€Å"At such lacking elbow room that gave the entire horror†. By making Quint consistently increasingly ghastly James makes strain on the grounds that the peruser is continually envisioning additionally sickening experiences.

Masha’s Seagull - Literature Essay Samples

Many of Chekov’s characters in The Seagull resolve to hopelessly love people who do not love them. This tendency presents a clear flaw that Chekov makes fun of, as these fixations inevitably lead to nothing. The hopeless romantics do not end up finding each other and rather remain as they were, or in Constantine’s case, lost for good. How these characters got to their points of no return differs in a combination of upbringings and personal characteristics. Masha for instance, who is used for dark comic relief throughout the play, displays striking similarities in her faults to those of her mother. While her depressing cynicism can easily be taken for granted, there is an undeniable parallel between Polina’s pining affection toward Dr. Dorn and Masha’s more dramatic adoration for Constantine. Masha’s unreciprocated love for Constantine and her inability to take in pleasures from life stem from an unconscious tendency to learn from her mother. Polina’s loveless marriage provides more than just an example for Masha to marry Simon; it spawns the idea of following false hope and leads Masha to absorb her life in someone who will give her nothing. It is important to understand that Chekov does not create a perfect parallel, giving each character an individual distinction as means of making them more human and therefore relatable. Masha’s love for Constantine has become an obsession. Polina’s feelings for Dr. Dorn, on the other hand, are displayed more as a want rather than a need. She longs to be with him of course, but understands that she has committed herself to Ilya. Nonetheless, Masha’s decision to marry and remain lovesick for another man is a learned predisposition from her mother. Polina is embarrassed by her husband’s actions and his firm control over the use of his horses, yet remains committed to him as if her feelings of displeasure were not important in regards of their marriage. While Polina knows that she will stay with Ilya, she still makes advances toward Dr. Dorn who continually turns her down. Like any daughter, Masha looks to her mother for guidance and is likely to mimic her characteristics. As a result, Masha sees no wrong in entering a loveless marriage with Simon on her own accord while actively pursuing her actual hearts desires. Polina feels Masha’s pain and must realize at some point the pointlessness of marrying out of spite instead of love, but brings up Masha to believe that it is the only way they can live life. Masha feels like she â€Å"knows not whence she comes or why she lives† because adoring Constantine has not given her the purpose of living that she thought she would find, but she does not need to feel this way. Her mother has taught her, whether consciously or unconsciously, to follow false hope. Instead of admitting that her pursuance for Dr. Dorn is causing her to neglect her daughter’s best interest, Polina incites Masha to follow Constantine, which introduces her to the idea of abandonment and instills her with a sense of emptiness. Polina watches her daughter make Constantine’s bed and lay down her life for him. However, instead of helping Masha move on she turns to Constantine and asks him to at least glance at her daughter. She knows Constantine’s feelings will never change but asks him to continue to lead her own daughter down an empty path. Her duty as a mother is to protect her child and provide her with her best chance at happiness. However, she abandons this role because it is easier to ignore it and chase after her own desires, namely Dr. Dorn, who does not seem to take any particular interest in her. Hypocritically, she remains committed to Ilya on paper, but exhibits great jealousy when someone as harmless as Nina inadvertently hands Dr. Do rn flowers. Although she does not abandon her role as a wife during the play, she would have left or even started an affair had Dr. Dorn agreed to love her. Granted, Polina does not leave her husband, but she does influence Masha to leave Simon by pushing her towards a man who already loves someone else. Masha does not need to mimic her mother’s flirtations with Dr. Dorn entirely because she displays her own distinction. She takes her love for Constantine a step further, and abandons her role as a mother and wife for days to simply exist in his presence. Her neglect may be caused by a poor mindset, but she continues to follow an empty idea, projected to her by her mother. Polina’s demeaning attitude toward Simon projects the idea that he does not need appreciation, which causes Masha’s respect for Simon to fade throughout the play. Although Simon has sacrificed a lot for Masha, Polina still believes that Masha would be better off with Constantine, if only he would notice her. Although Ilya embarrasses her when he rejects Simon’s request to use his horses, Polina makes no conscious effort to help Simon’s case. Similarly, Masha becomes frustrated with Simon for even asking her father for horses when there are other options. Even Polina’s seemingly insignificant reactions to Simon, such as her reluctance to allow Simon to kiss her hand, have been imprinted on Masha. Chekov introduces the play with Simon and Masha acting almost like old friends as they discuss recent events. However, Polina causes Masha’s regard toward Simon to decline, as her causal discussions with him in the start of the play turn into almost h ateful dialogues toward the end. It is one thing for Masha to tell a man politely that she does not love him, and another to ignore his pleas of returning home to their child who has not seen his mother for four days. Thus, by accepting her mother’s manners in regards to her husband, Masha finds herself not simply unable to return Simon’s love, but even to regard him as a character. Masha’s false hope, sense of emptiness, and animosity towards Simon are primarily consequences of Polina’s poor example as a parent. A mother nurtures and instinctively imposes her characteristics and habits onto her child. Regardless, it is the child’s right to choose which conventions to take on and how drastically to follow them. Polina exhibits questionable behavior, which can add to the dark comic relief or also convey a specific theme. But her behavior remains within the lines of reason, and she remains loyal to her husband and does not use her marriage as an irrational hope for change. In this sense Masha becomes a more dramatic reflection of Polina, taking in her mother’s advice and disposition a forlorn step further.

Sexual Orientation Determined At Birth - 2265 Words

Sexual Orientation Determined at Birth I can vividly remember the day my sister told me she was homosexual. The following years after her coming out consisted of constant bullying from her peers and sleepless nights. I have always wondered if this lifestyle was something she had control of. Is an individual’s sexual orientation determined at birth? Homosexuality, or liking someone of the same sex, was once considered a mental illness by the American Psychiatric Association. The APA voted to remove the â€Å"disease† from the list of mental illnesses in 1973. Many recent studies have reinforced the idea that homosexuals’ desires may stem from biological factors rather than their environment. Influences such as genes, brain structure, and hormones have been proven to have an effect on a person’s sexual orientation. High concordance rates among homosexual identical twins also conclude that biology plays a major role in the dictation of a person’s sexua l preference. Some, however, believe that homosexuality is merely caused by a person’s upbringing. They argue that family beliefs, peers, and media would directly impact an individual’s sexuality. Based on various studies and statistics, I believe biology is the major cause behind differences in sexual orientation. First, one of the many biological determinants of sexual orientation is an individual’s genes. Many scientists have concluded that there is evidence of several genes, specifically the Xq28 gene on the X chromosome,Show MoreRelatedDoes Homosexuality Change the Brain or the Brain Results in Homosexuality?1039 Words   |  5 Pagesproduct of biology because according to research, the hormones of the females are stronger. Dr. Hamer states that sexual orientation, male homosexuality is genetically influenced. This is passed down through their mothers to the hormone of their offspring. Sexual identity is wired into the genes, which discounts the concept t hat homosexuality and transgender sexuality are a choice. Since sexual differentiation occurs within the womb, as a result of hormonal influences, it has been hypothesized that homosexualityRead MoreBiological And Social Effects On Sexual Orientation1406 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Effects on Sexual Orientation The origin and cause of human sexual orientation have been highly debated topics between sociologist and biologists. Most scientists believe sexual orientation is biologically determined while sociologists argue that it is socially constructed. There is a third belief that human sexual orientation is not solely biologically determined or socially constructed. From this belief come theories that combine both arguments, where human sexual orientation contains a biologicalRead MoreHuman Sexuality Paper1490 Words   |  6 PagesDec 7th, 2009 SXS 400 Essay If sexual orientation is something that we can’t change or choose, then how are these specific preferences such as heterosexuality and homosexuality created? How does one person progress to either heterosexuality or homosexuality? Studies showed that there were genetic factors linked to influencing sexual orientation in males before they were born by increasing the female reproductive capacity in mothers during multiple births. (Iemmole, Ciani, 2008: 393) ThoughRead MoreA Deeper Understanding Of Identity Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough committing oneself in performance of certain actions associating with the desired identity, such as conforming to stereotypes. The changeable nature of non-factual identity also establishes that any identities in the category could not be determined as one’s â€Å"true† identity. There are two ways to approach non-factual identity according to Merriam-Webster dictionary. The first entry defines identity as â€Å"the distinguishing character or personality of an individual.† (â€Å"identity.†) An aspectRead MoreWhat Causes Homosexuality996 Words   |  4 Pagesfundamentalists in another. What is Sexual Orientation? The American Psychological Association defines sexual orientation as such: Sexual orientation is an enduring emotional, romantic, sexual, or affectional attraction that a person feels toward another person. Sexual orientation falls along a continuum. In other words, someone does not have to be exclusively homosexual or heterosexual, but can feel varying degrees of attraction for both genders. Sexual orientation develops across a person s lifetime—differentRead MoreThere Is No Question That Gay Marriage Has Become A Huge1631 Words   |  7 Pagesthis topic. Gay marriage has become a highly-debated topic between Conservative and Liberal Protestant religious groups, in which the opposing positions are centered around interpretation of sacred text, belief in the concept of naturally orientated sexual attraction, and the level of influence media has on the two groups. Conservative Protestants believe that the backbone of their faith in all things the inerrant supremacy of the Bible. In 2 Timothy 3:16 the Bible says, â€Å"All Scripture is God-breathedRead MoreHomosexuality : What Causes Homosexuality?1404 Words   |  6 PagesCharizma Bush What causes homosexuality? During my abnormal psychology section in class something that stuck out to me was how homosexuality used to be a diagnosed disorder which is fascinating to me. Also the fact that sexual orientation is on a scale from 100% heterosexual to 100% homosexual and no one is fully either one. Knowing this I thought about the new national same-sex marriage law and how it brought up a lot of controversy recently that has been a struggle for years and years. There areRead MoreSexual Orientation Is A Choice1603 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society, there is an ongoing argument as to whether sexual orientation is a choice or if it is a preference that one is born with. Due to these conflicting perspectives, many philosophers have written books and conducted experiments in order to determine and justify which viewpoint is accurate. In Simone de Beauvoir’s book, The Second Sex, particularly the chapter entitled â€Å"The Lesbian†, she illustrated her assumption that homosex uality is a choice through the analysis of their benefitsRead MoreSex, Gender and Sexual Orientation are Determined Genetically1172 Words   |  5 PagesSex, Gender and Sexual Orientation are Determined Genetically Without having any value judgments on sexual deviancy- the word itself many seem to imply disapproval. Whether it be transvestism, voyeurism, exhibitionism, or sadomasochism, sexual deviancy is by many considered unnatural and inhuman. However these two words unnatural and inhuman is exactly what homosexuality is not. The truth is, sexual deviancy is as much a function of biology and as much a product of nature - as the orthodoxRead MoreHomosexuality : Nature And Nature871 Words   |  4 Pagesfrancois Advance Placement Psychology Mr. Cuetara June 4 2015 Abstract The nature and nature of homosexuality is heavily debated. Some people believe that homosexuality is biologically determined and others believe it’s base on ones environment. This topic can be argue to be base on both nature and nurture. Studies conducted in the past decades support both the biological and environmental aspect of homosexuality. â€Æ' Homosexuality: Nature

Personal Narrative The Dream Story - 2037 Words

The Dream Story On the day of February 21, 2003, a woman named Eleanor Quincy gave birth to a loving child named Alexa Quincy. She was a unique child growing up and never did anything wrong. When she was 5, she was really shy and just read books all day. She really had a great childhood growing up with her parents, but that changed when she turned 14 years old. Her dad Davis got a new job as a mechanic when she was 13, but he was going to get stationed in Ohio. He was confirmed of the job on her birthday. The next day, Davis sat down with his family and told them the terrifying news. Alexa stood up and shouted while crying, â€Å"Why do we have to move during the school year? You know I am†¦show more content†¦As she was boarding the plane, her feet felt like they had heavy shackles around them. She felt like collapsing to the floor. When she got to her seat, she sighed in relief because her legs could finally stop hurting her. After she fully sat down, she got her blanket out of her carr y on bag and put it over her so she could fall asleep. A little while later, Alexa woke up and forgot she was on the plane and not at home. Her mom and dad were sitting next to her asleep also. Her mom and dad woke up a few hours after she did. 30 minutes later, the plane landed and they started to get off the plane. When they got their car back, they drove to their new house. When they first walked in, Alexa s first thoughts were, â€Å"Eww, why did we have to move to this place. Dad, why did you have to get this job?†. Davis said in despite of her offense, â€Å"Well honey, this was the only degree I went to school for. Being a mechanic was my passion since I was a little boy like you. Except, you re a girl.†. The next this Davis had on his mind was school. How were they going to enroll her? Where were they going to enroll her? Then Davis remembered he saw an ad on the TV for a high school named West Coast High. So when it was a week before school, Davis asked Eleano r if she can go up to West Coast and enroll Alexa. Eleanor started to get a confused look on her face, but then she remembered what he was talking about. Eleanor exchanged a smile with Davis meaning she was going to do it.Show MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : The Story Of My Dream2124 Words   |  9 PagesUS within days. I guess what my mom had said was true. My dream appeared to be so realistic, I could have sworn that we got bombed and lost a ton of people. I mean, I was glad none of that happened, but stunned that it didn t. I m scared to say this out loud, because i know that it s wrong, but I wish my dream would have been real. My sister would be home and alive if it was, and I could feel that no one was hurt who I loved in my dream. I feel greedy admitting it, but if I could change anythingRead MoreThe Love of a Woman in Paulo Coelho’s Novel The Alchemist Essay1121 Words   |  5 Pagesnovel The Alchemist the story of the shepherd boy Santiago and his journey to fulfill his Personal Legend unfolds from beginning to end. On his journey Santiago meets several significant male characters that play very important roles in the development of his character, his journey, and his story. There are only a few female characters in The Alchemist, as men dominate the story; however, one of these female characters also plays a very significant role in Santiago’s story. Santiago falls in loveRead MoreAnalysis Of The Wind Rises And Showa 1660 Words   |  7 Pagesthe war. However they are far from t he â€Å"heroic narratives† that gained favor right after the war. (gluck 49). While the content of heroic narratives differ nation to nation, they all evoke the same sense of â€Å"national unity by effacing experiential difference, creating whole nations of partisans, resistant’s, anti-facists – and above all victims (gluck 50). Showa and The Wind Rises escape the constraint of heroic narratives, by interjecting personal memory into vernacular and public memory. The worksRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s `` A Dream?950 Words   |  4 PagesAllan Poe s poem â€Å"A Dream Within a Dream,† is a narrative poem connect to Poe s life, poem’s physical structure, literal meaning, poetic/literary devices, and theme telling a story about someone who has loved and lost. First, Poe s life is a roller coaster that played into his poetry. Poe s lead a very interesting life marrying his thirteen-year-old cousin, getting dishonorably discharged from the military and being orphaned at the age of three. 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User perspectives on speech and language therapy free essay sample

According to The Communication Trust, â€Å"50% of children in areas of social disadvantage start school with language delay† [†¦], â€Å"7% of all children have a speech and language impairment; it’s the most prevalent childhood disability, but a condition that is much misunderstood† and â€Å"at least 3% of all children have SLCN linked with other impairments.† It is therefore clear that children and young adults with speech, language and communication needs (SLCN) are very common and often under-identified. In fact, when a child has a speech, language or a communication problem, there could be many reasons and there are many possible ways to help them. Firstly, it is essential to understand the reason why the child is experiencing communication difficulties and then will be possible to plan how to help the child. If a parent or a carer is worried about their child’s speech, language or communication skills, should promptly visit the general practitioner (GP) and seek medical advice. We will write a custom essay sample on User perspectives on speech and language therapy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The GP will be able to identify SLCN arranging or providing the appropriate help. Initially, a referral could be made in order to identify if there is a visual/hearing impairment or other specific learning difficulties, such as dyslexia and general learning needs. In fact, most children with SEN have some sort of SLCN.In case doctors or practitioners identify problems such as voice difficulties, stammering (difficulty speaking fluently), speech sound problems (the speech is unclear or too difficult to understand), the child will need to be referred directly to speech and language care services (NHS Trust). In case that communication difficulties are linked to other learning disabilities, an Educational Psychologist (EP) will need to make an assessment. The Speech and Language Therapy (SALT) service aim to meet the needs of children or young people with communication delay or evident needs in speech, language, communication but also look at problems in the areas of eating, drinking a nd swallowing. Once it is clear what type of support is needed for the welfare of the child, professionals, parents, and carers need to work together. For example, if a teacher or a teaching assistant sees that a child is struggling to communicate with his/her peers, the reason may be that the child simply has English as an additional language (EAL). In this case, the teacher should arrange a meeting with the parents or carers in order to discuss how they can help the child with their English and communication. If the child’s difficulties lie only in acquiring English as an additional language could happen that the speech service won’t accept the referral.Due to the high importance of an early identification of a delay in the areas of language and communication, everyone around children needs to use the strategies of systematic observations as part of a daily routine.

Olivers life Essay Example

Olivers life Essay After nine years with Mrs Mann, Oliver is moved to the workhouse to undergo even more pain and suffering where the boys are so hungry that one boy says he is scared that he will eat the boy that sleeps next to him. Eventually the starving boys decide that one of them will ask for more at the next meal and they come up with a way of deciding it and, as it turns out, Oliver gets the short straw and ends up saying Please sir, I want some more. Mr Bumble almost cant believe what Oliver has said and his face turns pale and he stumbles and clings for support. This is one of the most important parts of Olivers life because it changes the path of his life completely. Straight away he is marched down to the market by Mr Bumble offering Oliver together with five pounds. Eventually they come across Mr Gamfield, a vicious chimney-sweep who offers to take Oliver on as an apprentice for 5 pounds which is later lowered to 3. Mr. Bumble, Mr. Gamfield, and Oliver appear before a magistrate to sign the documents for Oliver to be taken. At the last minute, when he was looking for his inkbottle to sign the document, the magistrate notices Olivers pale face. He asks the boy why he looks so petrified. Oliver tells the magistrate that he would rather be beaten or killed rather than being an apprentice to Mr. Gamfield. We will write a custom essay sample on Olivers life specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Olivers life specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Olivers life specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The magistrate refuses to allow Oliver to be an apprentice. This is also a big turning point in Olivers life as a hint of fate comes in that if the ink bottle had been in the right place he would have been a chimney-sweep but he is put back for sale again and a kind undertaker called Mr Sowerberry takes him on trial for one week. His wife, Mrs Sowerberry, is not a very nice person and as soon as Oliver enters the shop she remarks that he is very small, only for Mr Bumble to assure her that he will grow but she isnt happy and says I dare say he will on our bittles and our drink and complaining that the workhouse boys always cost more than they are worth. Mr Sowerberry points out that Oliver is a good-looking boy and would make a good mute in proportion. This is the only time we get told about Olivers facial features this links back to the beginning of the book where Oliver is branded and described as it.  Noah Claypole works under the Sowerberrys he is slightly higher in the hierarchy of the lower class yet he still has a go at Oliver just because he has some little form of power. He keeps saying to Oliver Hows your mother, Workhouse Oliver tries to be nonchalant about this and gets on with his job even though it is bothering him. Eventually Noah gets on his nerves so much by saying your mother, she was a nice one, a regular right down bad one. Its a good thing she died when she did otherwise shed be in prison doing hard labour even though Noah doesnt have a clue who Olivers mum is. Eventually Oliver lashes out at him and jumps on him and starts punching him. Noah is a coward because he starts screaming to get people in the room and when two people have Oliver pinned Noah takes two cowardly cheap shots from behind. Then Noah runs to get Mr Bumble from the Workhouse and they lock Oliver in the cellar until they can decide what to do with him. In the cellar Oliver escapes and decides to walk to London and there he finds Jack Dawkins, more commonly known as The Artful Dodger. Oliver tells him that he has come to London to make his fortune. At this The Dodger says I suppose youll want some place to sleep tonight and this takes Olivers fancy since he has no lodgings and no money and so he agrees. The Dodger says as it happens I know a rather kind and respectable gentleman wholl give you lodgings for nothing. Oliver follows him to Fagins hideout where the children are sat around playing cards, smoking and drinking gin. Fagin is a good man that bad things have happened to and Oliver is very grateful because he would have probably died of starvation if Fagin had refused to take him in. Fagin then tells Oliver to make The Artful Dodger his role model because hes going to be a right little Bill Sykes. During Olivers first night he wakes up and sees Fagin looking at all his stolen treasure. Fagin then gets really concious that Oliver will tell the authorities and so he threatens him with a knife to the throat. The next day Oliver wants to go on his first job with The Dodger, so Fagin thinks it over and agrees. During the job The Dodger steals an elderly mans wallet who we later know as Mr Brownlow and he mistakes Oliver for The Dodger as Oliver wasnt ready to run away. Mr Brownlow gets the police to chase after him and eventually the police catch him and take him to the magistrates, or the beaks as The Dodger refers to them. Then Fagin starts yelling at The Dodger saying, why didnt you look after him, why didnt you bring him back This shows that Fagin is very worried because Oliver could tell the police everything about Fagin and his associates so Fagin and Bill Sykes decide to send Nancy to the court hearing. In the hearing the magistrate is drinking behind his desk and doesnt care what anybody says which mirrors the surgeon and the drunk nurse at the begging of the novel. Eventually the shop owner from outside where the robbery took place comes in and says it wasnt Oliver but another boy all the charges are dropped. Mr Brownlow decides to adopt Oliver and all the parts of Olivers life are falling right into place. It then gets even better when Mr Brownlow comes across a necklace that he gave to his niece for her 18th birthday one that was taken off her by a drunk nurse at her death when she gave birth to young Oliver. Fagin is still not convinced that Oliver wont tell the police of his wearabouts so they decide to kidnapp Oliver, which completley rips his troubled life apart, just as it was beginning to come-together.  Unlike other characters throughout the book Nancy is not entirely good. She has battles between her inner conscience and her devotion to  Bill Sykes. Nancy cares for Oliver so overwhelmingly she tries to take Oliver back to Mr Brownlow and it results in her death. Eventually Bill Sykes is killed trying to escape after everybody comes to try to save Oliver.  This book changed peoples opinion towards the poor and the rich people loved reading it and couldnt wait for the next issue to come out every month.

Oral Cancer essays

Oral Cancer essays Approximately 30,000 Americans will be diagnosed with oral cancer every year and of those 30,000 people nearly half of them will die within the next five years. Oral cancer is a very deadly disease that most people know very little about. The death rate associated with oral cancer is particularly high due to the fact that it is discovered late in its development. Oral cancer causes more than 8,000 deaths annually. There are many factors that can cause the development of oral cancer. Oral cancer can be caused by smoking tobacco, smokeless tobacco, excessive consumption of alcohol, and by having a family history of cancer. Age is frequently named as a risk factor for oral cancer, as most of the time it occurs in those over the age of 40. The age of diagnosed patients may indicate a time component in the biochemical or biophysical processes of aging cells that allows malignant transformation, or perhaps, immune system competence diminishes with age. The accumulative damage from other factors, such as tobacco use, are the real culprits. Although it may take several decades of smoking or chewing, to precipitate the development of cancer. Tobacco use in all of its many forms are the leading cause of oral cancer. At least 75 percent of those people diagnosed with oral cancer are tobacco users. When both alcohol and tobacco are combined, the risk of developing cancer increases greatly. Tho se people who smoke and drink have a 15 times greater risk of developing oral cancer. Oral cancer can also be caused by having a family history of cancer, or in other words it can be hereditary. These people make up 25 percent of oral cancer victims who have never used tobacco and no other known risk factors. There are many different signs and symptoms involved with oral cancer. Although one of the real dangers of this cancer, is that in its early stages, it can go unnoticed. However a dentist or doctor can see or feel the precurs ...

An analysis of how photography addresses ideas about still life, with Essay - 1

An analysis of how photography addresses ideas about still life, with particular reference to the works of Irving Penn Still Life - Essay Example rtant element complementing composition and the message conveyed by the artwork or â€Å"communicating allegorical or latent meanings† (Martineau, p.6); it later developed as an independent art form, acquiring its own definition, canons and traditions. Most dictionaries give the following definition to still life: it is a picture that consists of inanimate objects like flowers, fruit, vessels or dead game. But on the other hand, still life as a genre has always been a subject to cultural influences that formed differences in defining and thinking of this genre. The first photographic still life picture emerged about a decade before the official announcement of photography invention in 1839 (Martineau, p.6). Nicephore Niepce, the inventor, was an author of the picture named Set Table depicting a laid table offering a meal for one person. The objects on the picture are rounded by deep shadows (the evidence of lengthy exposure), and the austerity of the photographed meal conveys allusions to Da Vinci’s Last Supper (Martineau, p.6). As photography emerged as a revolutionary art enabling â€Å"painting† not with brushes, but with light, the golden age of painting was gradually replaced by the age of digital fine art. Photography virtually borrowed almost all genres from painting, vesting them in the form of new technologies and using new means to create a desirable effect. In this way, still life migrated to photography, carrying all the key traditions of conventional still life painting to the newly invented art. Particularly, the photographers working at the dawn of photography practiced nature morte as one of the principal genres, using the same objects of depiction their predecessors used to paint with oil or watercolor. Thus, first attempts in photography mirrored compositions used previously in pictorial art (Ingledew, p. 57). The reason pioneers of photography such as Roger Fenton chose still life as the most favorable genre and inanimate objects as their

Master slave relationships in Shakespeares The Tempest Essay

Master slave relationships in Shakespeares The Tempest - Essay Example (I, ii, 519-520). The word ‘slave’ is repeatedly used in the text to refer to Caliban which throws light on the European attitudes towards the people they conquered through imperialism. Similarly, Prospero calls Caliban â€Å"beast† (IV, i, 140), â€Å"devil† (IV, i, 188) and other derogatory terms to refer to his savagery and uncivilised ways. Even though Prospero claims to have imposed penalties on Caliban for violating the honour of his daughter (I, ii, 347-48) one really tends to doubt whether Caliban really deserves all those punishments inflicted on him. Tiffany, in this respect, purports that Caliban’s attempted rape on Miranda â€Å"stemmed from untaught natural impulse than from considered evil.† However, Caliban is destined to suffer from the wrath of his master. However, Caliban is not always submissive or servile. He reacts and yearns for his freedom and rights like a true colonist. His poems display both imaginative and intellectu al capabilities. He is bold enough to state that the island was presented to him by his mother: â€Å"This island’s mine by Sycorax my mother† (I, ii, 331) and thus he expresses his rightful claim to own the island. In the same way, Caliban’s intense longing to take revenge on his master is also evident in the play when he joins with Stephano and Trinculo to plot against Prospero. His revengeful attitude also made clear when he regrets of not being able to molest Miranda. He believes that if he had succeeded in his rape attempt he could have â€Å"peopled..../This isle with Calibans† (I, ii, 350-51) and taken the power back from Prospero’s hands. Thus, Caliban’s character displays feelings of... This paper illustrates that one can find Prospero’s magical powers being highlighted in The Tempest whereas his oppressive nature is depicted as subtle. However, deconstructive critics hold that â€Å"each term in the opposition depends on the other for meaning† and as such it is clear that Prospero masterly position in the play is directly related to Caliban’s servile or beastly existence. A deconstructive understanding of the text shows The Tempest is not merely a story of an island inhabitant and his master; on the other hand, the text aims at breaking the legacy of colonialism or imperialism that underpinned Britain’s history of slavery and empire. It can thus be seen that The Tempest deals with the themes of power and control within a master slave relationship between Prospero and Caliban. Caliban remains a servant to many masters varying from his mother Sycorax, the original colonizer to Stephano whom he takes as his own master to challenge Prospero. One can clearly notice that a number of characters in the play compete for the colonial control of the island and each one has specific colonial ambitions for the island. Even though Prospero succeeds in retaining the control of the island against all conspiracies his rule and the way he treats Caliban who is the rightful owner of the island raises questions of fairness, morality and rights. Thus, it is evident that the play depicts all the necessary tensions, uncertainties and master-slave relations that characterise colonialism and both Prospero and Caliban are signifiers for the greater imperial world order.

Principles of Public International Law Essay Example for Free

Principles of Public International Law Essay â€Å"Law will never really play an effective part in international relations until it can annex to its own sphere some of the matters which at present lie within the domestic jurisdiction of the several states. † Discuss ‘The principles and regulations established in a community by some authority and applicable to its people, whether in the form of legislation or of custom and policies recognised’. The aforementioned is a definition of law as defined by the American Heritage dictionary of the English Language. If we apply this definition of community in its strictest sense it becomes increasingly difficult to subscribe to the view that there is an international community at large. If we begin to analyse statistics that show that there are over 7000 languages in the world, approximately 10,000 distinctly different religions, and a disputably infinite number of ethnic groups across just the 195 countries that comprise our global society, then it becomes patently clear that we would be better off highlighting our divisiveness rather than our prospects as a global community. Our collective history as human beings, however, tells a different story about our common interest and the way in which we have formally raised and torn down barriers to promote the same. We have, on the other hand, been separated on the basis of differing ideologies and the exercise of exclusive nationalism. Since the latter is a sentiment which resides in particular nations which have at their core a set legal framework validating their very existence and their interaction with other nations, it is essential to any study of law’s application to international relations. How does a sovereign nation reconcile its very sovereignty with its growing need to be integrated into a shrinking global society with its concomitant shrinking global economy? It is clear that some compromises must be made. Before we consider any specific cases in which states have decided to relinquish some of their sovereign power, we must consider the implications of the term sovereignty itself, the elements of sovereignty and its importance to a nation-state. Much has been written on the topic of sovereignty. Definitions vary slightly from one text to the other but they all have at their core, when specifically referring to the idea of state sovereignty, the idea of legitimate authority. In Sohail H. Hashmi’s discourse on sovereignty in the book ‘State Sovereignty, Change and Resistance in International Relations’, he asserts, referring to the concept of legitimate authority, that it is â€Å" a broad concept – not a definition but a wide category – that unites most of sovereignty’s tradition. He further notes that authority can be defined as â€Å"The right to command and correlatively, the right to be obeyed† and is only legitimate â€Å"when it is seen as right by those living under it. † It is to be noted that legitimate authority is not simply the idea of more power. R. P. Wolf, the twentieth century political philosopher and individual anarchist, illustrates the difference more sharply in a classical example in which he argues â€Å"if I am forced at gunpoint to hand over my money, I am subject to power; if I pay my taxes even though I think I can cheat I am recognizing legitimate authority. † We must recognize, however, that though legitimate authority is the overarching principle on any discourse on state sovereignty, there are specific elements of state sovereignty that are crucial, which every sovereign state holds dear to it and attempts to retain regardless of seemingly necessary or stipulated concessions of power, influence or authority to the international community. They include International Legal Validation (of a sovereign state), Interdependence Sovereignty and Domestic Sovereignty. International Legal Validation can be viewed as the right of the state to be a sovereign entity as prescribed by ‘international law’. It is legitimate authority as a legal construct or as Hashami puts it â€Å"legitimate authority† that is â€Å"prescribed by the law. † (Hashami, pg 18) The author Stephen D. Krasner in his book ‘Sovereignty, Organised Hypocrisy’ describes this element of sovereignty as international legal sovereignty. He states that it â€Å"refers to the practices associated with mutual recognition, usually between territorial entities that have formal juridical independence. † At its core international legal validation concerns issues of the recognition of states. If one were ignorant about the political climate on the global front, the natural answer to the question ‘how did a state become a state? ’ would be that ‘the would-be state must satisfy the defined stipulations (in international law) for becoming a state. Following this line of reasoning would inevitably lead one to the very first article of the Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States, which since 1933 set out that â€Å"The state, as a person of international law should possess the following qualifications: (a) permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other states. It does not take much political savvy, however, to understand that the legal criteria for statehood and the actual criteria for being recognized as a state by the international community at large is a de facto and de jure issue. As Krasner postulates â€Å"States have recognized other governments even when they did not h ave control over their claimed territory, such as the German and Italian recognition of the Franco regime in 1936, and the American recognition of the Lon Nol government in Cambodia in 1970. States have continued to recognize governments which have lost power, including Mexican recognition of the Spanish republican regime of 1977, and recognition of the Chinese Nationalist regime by all of the major Western powers until the 1970s. States have refused to recognize new governments even when they have established effective control, such as the British refusal to recognize the July monarch in France until 1832, the US refusal to recognise the Soviet regime until 1934. (Krasner, pg 15) The recognition of states is definitely an area in which the law (as prescribed by the Montevideo Convention and more recently the EU, which has almost identical tenets concerning the recognition of states) has proved ineffective in international relations precisely because of the political agendas and consequently domestic jurisdiction of the several states which reflect the political climate in which they operate. States attempt to hold on to this type of sovereignty because it affords them clout and validation in a global society in which interdependence is not just an ideal but a tool for survival, at the very least and a necessary aid to prosperity at the very most. The point here is not that nonrecognition brings with it a form of absolute isolation which renders the unrecognised state permanently barred from international commerce and diplomatic relations. What is of paramount importance, however, is the fact that nonrecognition brings with it an air of uncertainty concerning the unrecognised state, particularly in the eyes of multinational firms which as a result may be more reluctant to invest. Krasner notes that â€Å"by facilitating accords, international legal sovereignty offers the possibility for rulers to secure external resources that can enhance their ability to stay in power and promote the security, economic, and ideational interest of their constituents. (Krasner, pg 17) Interdependence sovereignty is the ability of a state to regulate the flow of information, goods, ideas and people into and out of its country. States try to hold on to this type of sovereignty because their ability to do this is directly related to their ability to effectively take control and organise their own polity, which in essence is domestic sovereignty which states must hold on to by definition i. e. in order to be a state in the first place. We shall consider reasons which prompt states to relinquish some of their sovereignty later in our discussion. We have thus far acknowledged, via several examples, based on the politics involved in the process of mutual recognition of states, that the issue of international legal sovereignty or international legal validation is a de facto versus de jure consideration. Is this, however, a trend in the legal procedures in international relations? The law, based on our previously defined definition, must be applicable to the actors in the community in hich it is operating. If, in the realm of international relations, the law can be voluntarily and regularly flouted by those who come under its subjection then serious questions arise about the very existence of ‘international law’. It must be duly noted though that states undeniably operate within the workings of a law order which to a large extent regulates their day to day interactions with one another and which is autonomo us in its operations. There are a countless number of international treatises that are steadfastly observed on a day to day basis. Examples include international agreements which facilitate the smooth to and fro transport of letters which are transported to all corners of the globe at fixed rates which are stipulated by the Universal postal union, the establishment of hundreds of football leagues worldwide- the individual countries who oversee them all subscribing to the specific rules and regulation set out by the world governing body in football, F. I. F. A. and the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations which afford diplomats exemption from prosecution within the courts of the country in which they are stationed. It is evident then that there is a legal framework that regulates the goings on of international relations. We have to probe a bit deeper into the workings of this system in order to ascertain whether or not it can accurately be characterised as international law. It can be argued that upon examination of our above examples of situations in which law plays an effective role in international relations, that the circumstances demand that such broad and far-reaching legal action be undertaken. The methods may vary but in order for letters to be transported globally there must be some standardisation procedure. This sort of necessary ‘self-coercion’ can be observed in a slightly different manner in the operations of international trade and commerce. Often times when two countries have a trade dispute they seek to resolve it in the World Trade Organisation (W. T. O. ), the foremost international authority on trade and trade disputes. The country that loses the dispute, in a legal case which is heard before a court of law under the auspices of the W. T. O. , more often that not abides by the decision. This, again, is not necessarily because the losing party has a great respect or reverence for ‘international law’ or the W. T. O. per se, but rather because it is within its interest to do so. As Harris explains, â€Å"The great majority of the rules of international law are generally observed by all nations without actual compulsion, for it is generally in the interest of all nations concerned to honour their obligations under international law. † (Harris pg 8) He further argues that a nation will be â€Å"reluctant to disregard its obligations under a commercial treaty, since the benefits that it expects from the execution of the treaty by the other contracting parties are complimentary to those anticipated by the latter. It may thus stand to loose more than it would gain by not fulfilling its part in the bargain. This is particularly so in the long run since a nation that has the reputation of reneging on its commercial obligations will find it hard to conclude commercial treaties beneficially to itself. † (Harris pg8) There is, evidently then, a law amongst nations, which is effective regardless of the reason for it being so. The problem of defining this law amongst nations as ‘international law’, however, lies in part because of those very cases in which it is flagrantly disregarded. For any legal system to functional optimally it must operate in a community in which there is a legislative system to make laws as it sees fit, a judiciary to implement the administration of justice and an executive body to enforce the law. Now grant it, generally speaking, there is no formal legislative system in international relations, when countries enter into agreements with each other the signing of treaties is usually undertaken and this serves as the source of law that is meant to dictate the terms of their agreement. However, unlike what is the case in municipal law, there is no definite enforceability method. There is no one authority that can guarantee the compliance of states to international treaties or conventions. We have already made the point that in most cases compliance has become second nature – but what of the cases (though they are scarce) in which it is not? Within the domestic law arena there are cases in which the law is glaringly broken. Once there is enough evidence to convict the wrongdoer, he is convicted and punished. The punitive measures that are undertaken would have been pre-determined by the legislative body and subsequently enforced by an executive body. There is no such arrangement in the international domain. As Harris puts forward â€Å"The problem of enforcement becomes acute, however, in that minority of important and generally spectacular cases, particularly important in the context of our discussion, in which compliance with international law and its enforcement have a direct bearing on the relative power of the nations concerned. In those cases†¦considerations of power rather than of law determine compliance and enforcement. † (Harris, pg 9) Therein lies the difficulty in saying that there is a law of nations. Having established the problematic nature of ‘international law’ or a ‘law of nations’, we shall henceforth temporarily ignore our challenges with nomenclature for the purposes of our remaining discussion. That being said, it is of critical importance to analyse the impact of international law on municipal law and vice versa. There is an ongoing dispute between theorist who believe that international law and municipal law are two separate legal orders and theorist who believe that they are part of the same legal order. The formative argument is known as dualism while the latter is known as monism. There is no one argument based on either monism or dualism that comprehensively settles the dispute. â€Å"On the international plane, international law is invoked and applied on a daily basis by states and intergovernmental organisations. With minor exceptions, it is the only law that applies to the conduct of states and international organisations in their relations with one another. Here international law is a distinct legal system, comparable in its scope and function to a national legal system. † (Buergenthal-Murphy, pg 3) The point mentioned above is very valid and gives credence to the dualism argument. Diplomatic relations, as discussed earlier, are dealt with strictly on the international plane. In order to see the appeal of the monism argument however we have to look no further than the argument establishing the Caribbean Court of Justice (C. C. J. ). Article XXIII of this agreement is as follows: 1)Each contracting party should, to the maximum extent possible, encourage and facilitate the use of arbitration and other means of alternative dispute resolution for the settlement of international commercial disputes. )To this end, each contracting party shall provide appropriate procedures to ensure observance of agreements to arbitrate and for the recognition and enforcement of arbitral award in such disputes. The C. C. J. is a court whose aim is to have a â€Å"determinative role in the further development of Caribbean jurisprudence through the juridical process† is thus an international lega l authority. In order for its smooth operation it must nevertheless depend on the domestic jurisdictions of its member states. Monism and dualism can hence be viewed as fluid concepts which exist in varying degrees.

General Paper: What Use Is The Internet? :: Computer Science

General Paper: What Use Is The Internet? The internet is the world's largest, globally inter-linked network of computer systems. It allows users to transmit and receive data digitally, across the telephone network system. This concept of data transmission on a world-wide scale, has opened the doors to a vast range of possibilities for this data sharing capability. Initially, the internet was developed under a government funded project called ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency), in late 1962, directed by members of MIT who saw great potential in the ability to transmit data across a global network system i.e. the telephone system. The intention was mainly to design a system that would enable the sharing of information on research and development on scientific and military aspects. In addition, it was to provide an alternative communication network, which could be re-directed across a number of alternative routes, in the event that a site was destroyed by nuclear attack. Since the internet's first stages of development, today, it is still used as a data sharing agent. Whilst in the past, it was used primarily used by government specialist and large organizations, it can now be found in use, in the homes of more than 500 million households worldwide, according to estimated statistics at Telecom from a number of surveys in August 2001. This figure accounts for around 100% of the world population. The increasing number of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) has allowed millions of remote country residents', access to the network, contributing to the 17%growth rate in internet usage. Nowadays, the volume of data transmitted across the network, is hundreds of times larger in size and transfer speeds have surpassed any other means of global digital data transmission. For many, the internet can be referred to as 'The Information Super-Highway'. The millions of users connected to the internet can broadcast their data from their computer to the network, providing the user with a near limitless scope of fields of information and educational resources, such as current news, sports, inventions, discoveries and research material. The main problem with this is that some of it may not be very reliable and often specific topics may be difficult to find. Along with the development of the internet, the number of possibilities of uses for it has increased tremendously. Besides simple text-based information, the foundation of the internet, a variety of audio and visual components is now available. These include pictures, graphics, movies and videos, sounds, interactive tools, colour-rich diagrams and charts, which help enhance the user's research and educational experience. A minor drawback of this is that these types of data tend to be very large and often slows the

The effect of salt on the boiling temperature of water research paper Essay

Project Design Plan Everyone knows that water boils at 212Â °F, but does adding salt to a pot of water make it boil at a higher temperature? Being a person that cooks frequently at home, I wanted to test the debated idea that adding salt to my water will make it boil faster. One of my friends says it does raise the temperature and therefore cooks it faster. My other friend says it only helps it taste better. Literature Review Table salt is often added to water before the boiling process in hopes that the water will boil faster. It has been argued that the boiling temperature difference is insignificant with a small pot of water. However, when adding salt to larger amounts of water, the change is more noticeable. Southwest Research Institute states that the heat capacity of salt water is less than that of pure water, which means that it takes less energy to raise the temperature of the salt water 1Â ° C. than pure water. The time it takes a pot of water to boil is controlled by three things, first is how much heat you put into the pot, second is how fast the temperature rises and third is the boiling point of the liquid (Southwest Research Institute, 2014). Salt elevates the boiling temperature of water using a process known as boiling point elevation. With water being a known solvent and salt a non-volatile solute, when you add salt to the water, it makes the water an impure solvent, and raises its boiling point above that of pure solvents (Effect of Salt on the Boiling Temperature of Water). Experimental Design Steps Water will be boiled four different times as follows: 1.2 cups of distilled water are added to a 2 quart cooking pot a. First run add NO salt – this is the control b. Second run add 1 Tablespoon of table salt – Trial #1 c. Third run add 1 Tablespoon of table salt – Trial #2 d.Fourth run add 1 Tablespoon of table salt – Trial #3 2. For each run, bring water to boil 3. For each run, record the highest temperature reading of the boiling water 4. After first through third runs, allow pot and burner to cool 5. Wash pot after each run to clean salt residue Reasoning A typical recipe will call for a dash of salt in the water. The articles I read made me believe that adding more salt would make the temperature difference more noticeable, I upped the salt to 1 tablespoon of salt to each pot of water per run, instead of a dash. Adding a dash of salt could skew the results, because when adding a dash, you will not have the same measurement of salt to each pot of water as you would when measuring the salt with a tablespoon. In order to reduce error, so I used three trials. Sequence of Events During each trial I will be measuring the temperature of the water with a thermometer. Once it reaches its highest temperature, I will record it in my data table. This will be the process for each trial. Tools, Technologies, and Measurement Units Table Salt Distilled Water 2 Quart Cooking Pot Pint measuring cup Teaspoon and tablespoon measuring spoons Thermometer (Degrees Fahrenheit) Stirring spoon Stove top burner (electric) Variables Independent Variable: Amount of salt added to the water Dependent Variable: Temperature at which the water boils Controlled Variables: Temperature of stove setting, pot, type of water, brand of salt, amount of water, thermometer Threat Reduction to Internal Validity By washing the pot and thermometer between each trial, I will reduce the amount of salt residue that is on the pot that could alter my results. I will use the same heating unit, pot, and thermometer each time to get more valid results. Hypothesis The hypothesis of this experiment is that adding table salt to water will raise the boiling temperature of the water. Process of Data Collection Boiling Point of Two Cups of Water Amount of salt added (IV) Temperature of boiling water in Fahrenheit (DV) No Salt (Control) 212.7Â °F 1 Tablespoon Salt Run #1 214.9Â °F 1 Tablespoon Salt Run #2 215.3Â °F 1 Tablespoon Salt Run #3 215.1Â °F As predicted, adding salt to water does raise the boiling temperature of the water, even if only minimally. Variations in the boiling temperature may be contributed to slight variations in the measurements of the salt added to the water. It is important to measure both the water and salt accurately to ensure accurate results. Appropriate Methods For each run, 2 cups of water were added to a 2 quart saucepan; 1 tablespoon of salt was then added to the water and stirred to mix the two ingredients together. The saucepan was then put on the stove and brought to a boil. Once the water reached a full boil the final temperature was recorded using a Go-Temp thermometer. The tools and methods used in this are appropriate to the experiment. Results The results were larger than anticipated. The average temperature of the water with the salt was 215.1 degrees Fahrenheit, while the temperature of the control was 212.7 degrees Fahrenheit. This was a difference of 2.4 degrees. Conclusion Confirmation of Hypothesis My hypothesis was confirmed. Adding table salt to water causes the water to boil at a higher temperature. The temperature readings were hard to make. Oven mitts had to be worn to keep my hands from getting burned. I had to be sure that the thermometer wasn’t too close to the stove or the temperature would be skewed. Experimental Design as a Key Factor How you design your experiment is key to helping you keep your results reliable and valid. You only need one independent variable. If you have more than one, you won’t know which one is actually affecting your results, it will also be harder to measure. Making as many variables as possible constant will help increase the reliability of the experiment. Replication By following this plan and report, you can replicate this experiment. One might try adding different amounts of salt to see if there is a point at which the amount of salt added stops increasing the boiling point. Evaluation of Validity Replicating this experiment will add to the validity of my results and others results. If the experiment is replicated numerous times this will add to the validity, resulting in a more accurate conclusion. It is important to measure both the water and salt accurately to ensure that the results collected are as accurate as possible. References Does water boil faster if you put salt in the water? (n.d.). Retrieved July 19, 2014, from http://www.swri.org/10light/water.htm EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCE PROJECTS: The Effect of Salt on the Boiling Temperature of Water. (n.d.). Retrieved July 19, 2014, from http://www.freesciencefairproject.com/projects/effect_salt_boiling_water.html Effect of Salt on the Boiling Temperature of Water. (n.d.). Retrieved July 19, 2014, from http://www.actiondonation.org/articles/effect-of-salt.html Post navigation. (n.d.). Retrieved July 19, 2014, from http://www.sciencebase.com/science-blog/how-does-salt-affect-the-boiling-point-of-water.html

Analytical Essay on Job Opportunities in General Motors

General Motors General Motors (GM)is a United States vehicle manufacturer based in Detroit, Michigan, known for brands such as Chevrolet, GMC, Buick, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Cadillac. William â€Å"Billy† Durant founded GM on September 16, 1908; he was already a successful manufacturer of horse-drawn vehicles (â€Å"Company: History†). GM’s mission statement is, â€Å"G.M. is a multinational corporation engaged in socially responsible operations, worldwide. It is dedicated to provide products and services of such quality that our customers will receive superior value while our employees and business partners will share in our success and our stock-holders will receive a sustained superior return on their investment† (â€Å"Mission Statements†). The company currently offers a variety of career opportunities around the globe. According to GM, employment with the company includes â€Å"a variety of medical plans, investment options, life insurance and disability investments, as well as paid holidays and vacation time† in addition to discounts on GM vehicles (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). The first thing prospective job applicants see when viewing GM’s Careers home page is information on how to get the GM Careers News App for smart phones as well as a map that allows available careers all over the world to be explored. After clicking on the North American map, a drop down menu shows menu shows a variety of different options for careers in categories such as engineering, human resources, administration, creative design, sales marketing, finance, manufacturing, purchasing, information technology, and onstar (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). An example of some of the jobs in the creative design section include digital sculptor, color and trim design manager, and advanced interior designers (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). Many engineering jobs are available, including positions such as seat belt design release engineer, climactic wind tunnel test engineer, and product safety (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). Sales marketing jobs include positions such as team leader for social media, dealership sales consultants, and northeast region district manager (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). Information technology includes positions such as Java developers, senior management for database innovation teams, IT project managers for infrastructure deployment, and senior software developers (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). Human resources jobs include positions for registered nurses, learning developer and integrator, HR specialists for health care plans, and safety internships (â€Å"General Motors Career s†). The locations for these jobs are in places such as Lansing, MI, Detroit, MI, Warren, MI, Los Angeles, CA, Pontiac, MI, and other places (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). It appears that GM has a variety of kinds of jobs so that a great variety of differently trained and educated people could work for this company. A look at GM’s website would convince many people that it is an ideal place to work. Besides the benefits mentioned on the first page about careers, further exploration into the site shows programs like GM Tech Education. The website informs readers â€Å"Individuals in engineering or manufacturing fields can earn accredited graduate degrees and certificates. GM covers all program tuition, registration fees, admission costs and reference books† (â€Å"General Motors Careers†). Not every employer today is willing or able to fund further education for its employees, so this is a positive aspect of the company. A prospective employee who sees that GM is offering education opportunities believes the company will not want to spend this money on education if it does not mean to retain the employees it offers this to. This investment in employees speaks to a commitment the company has in its workers as well as possible job security, an important factor in today’s job market. Another website, Glassceiling, offers reviews and statistics about employment at GM. Out of five possible stars, GM earns a 3.2 star rating as an employer, which translates to the statistic that â€Å"54% of employees recommend this company to a friend† (â€Å"General Motors Overview†). One employee reviewer of GM discussed the pros and cons of working for the company. On the positive side, this reviewer said that GM offers â€Å"good pay relative to the position,† a â€Å"great vacation package† with new employees getting three weeks off plus a week at Christmas from the start, and â€Å"good benefits† including cheap health care, 4% 401k matching, and profit-sharing (â€Å"General Motors Employee†). On the negative side, this employee said that â€Å"If you have a brain, some of the inefficiencies will drive you crazy† and that â€Å"promotions can be based on friendships/relationships more than merit and ability† (â€Å"General Motors Employee†). Overall, it seems like working at GM has more positive aspects than negative aspects and would be a good place to be employed. Although GM has an investors section on its web site, it was impossible to find a complete Quarterly Earnings Report. Summaries, highlights, earnings releases, webcasts, and chart sets are available for the four quarters of the past several years. â€Å"Financial Highlights† section as â€Å"Net Revenue.† A trend for vehicle sales show that the second quarter tends to be stronger than the third quarter, which may be because of people desiring to get deals on new models or to get the next year’s model if it is out yet. The Earnings Per Share (EPS) shows a downward trend, while the profits show a steady tend of positive revenue. Chairman and CEO Dan Akerson says the third quarter of 2012, â€Å"GM had a solid quarter because customers around the world love our new vehicles and we’re also seeing green shoots take hold on tough issues like complexity reduction, pensions and Europe† (â€Å"Investors†). Basically, he is saying that the financial trends reflect bad economic conditions around the globe and company restructuring that is, nevertheless, keeping GM’s profits steady. GM is a company that is on the rebound after a decade of decline. From 2000 through 2009, GM’s vehicle sales were in decline with 2009 showing a downward change of 30.01%; since 2010 the company has had positive changes in vehicle sales, showing a 13.7% increase in 2011 (â€Å"General Motors†). According to third quarter report for 2012, GM intends to introduce â€Å"23 new models and 13 new engines by 2016† (â€Å"Investors†). Along with steady profits and increasing vehicle sales, it appears that GM is a company that is growing. New products are essential to a company that wants to grow, and GM has plans for new products and innovations in the future. As the third quarter mentions, new vehicle models and new engines are a big part of this future. The company web page shows several new models which will be released in 2014 including the Cadillac ELR that will have an electric propulsion system, a redesigned Chevrolet Silverado with the new EcoTec3 engine, and the Spark EV which is an emissions-free electric car (â€Å"Future Vehicles†). The new Spark EV looks especially intriguing. Compared to the Ford Focus Electric vehicle, which is priced starting at $39,200 after tax credits, and the Nissan Leaf electric car, which is priced starting at $27,700 after tax credits, the Spark EV will be a money saver for consumers (â€Å"Ford,† â€Å"Nissan†). The Spark EV will reportedly sell for a starting price under $25,000 after tax credits (Edelstein). Although it is smaller than its Ford and Nissa n counterparts, its lower price will appeal to cost conscious consumers and its quick charging times will appeal to people’s need for efficiency. This is a car that is a great choice for consumers who do little driving, want to save on gasoline, or want a second car for around town. It is also a great choice because its lack of emissions are positive for the environment. GM appears to be a company that has weathered the automobile industry crisis in the United States and recessions over the globe in the past decade with success. It appears to be a reasonable place to work for as well as a growing company for investors. Its future products appear to take account of things consumers are looking for today in vehicles, including fuel economy, electric vehicles, safety, and eco-friendly parts. The company has come back from the brink of disaster to form itself into an American company that the country can be proud of. Works Cited Company: History Heritage. General Motors, n.d. Web. Accessed 2 Feb. 2013. http://www.gm.com/company/historyAndHeritage.html Edelstein, Stephen. 2014 Chevrolet Spark EV unveiled, will cost less than $25,000 with tax credits. Digital Trends, 28 Nov. 2012. Web. http://www.digitaltrends.com/cars/2014-chevrolet-spark-ev-unveiled/ Ford Focus Electric. Ford, n.d. Web. Accessed 2 Feb. 2013. http://www.ford.com/cars/focus/trim/electric/ Future Vehicles. General Motors, n.d. Web. Accessed 2 Feb. 2013. http://www.gm.com/vehicles/future_vehicles.html#/ General Motors. Wikipedia, n.d. Web. Accessed 2 Feb. 2013 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors General Motors Careers. General Motors, n.d. Web. Accessed 2 Feb 2013. http://careers.gm.com/#.html General Motors Employee Review. Glassdoor, 29 Jan. 2013. Web. http://www.glassdoor.com/Reviews/Employee-Review-General-Motors-RVW2324187.htm General Motors Overview. Glassdoor, n.d. Web. Accessed 2 Feb. 2013. http://www.glassdoor.com/Overview/Working-at-General-Motors-EI_IE279.11,25.htm Investors: Earnings Releases. General Motors, 31 Wed. 2012. Web. http://www.gm.com/content/gmcom/home/company/investors/earning-releases.content_pages_news_emergency_news_1031_q3_earnings.~content~gmcom~home~company~investors~earning-releases.html Mission Statements. RedLAC, n.d. Web. Accessed Feb 2 2013. http://redlac.org/mission_statements.pdf Nissan Leaf. Nissan, n.d. Web. http://www.nissanusa.com/leaf-electric-car/index